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Article: The Watteau Dress

Dress Stories

The Watteau Dress

Based on the “fashion” Holoku, we modernized it with a swing body and a simplified pleating.

 

There is nothing more iconic than the watteau pleating that adorns the Hawaiian Holoku form. At first you might think this pleat is some ossified detail linked to a romanticized notion of Hawai’i’s Victorian past. In actuality the pleat has a more complex and nuanced history.

Watteau pleating was adapted by Hawaiians from 1820s missionary sacque dresses. By the mid 19th century the garment had been so naturalized it was read as “a Hawaiian dress.” Since the 1893 illegal overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom the pleating signals a respect for “old Hawaii.” It is, in part, kept alive in the form as a subtle protest.

Close-up of a red and beige patterned dress collar with visible label tag

all in the details

We source shell and vintage buttons for our clothes. And use finishing touches like sewn down facings and self same fabric pockets and linings. We are committed to these heirloom techniques so our garments last a very long time. Care and craft is what motivates us.

fabric & Manufacture

Colorful modern Hawaiian print dress on mannequin in sunlit artist studio with wood interior

For this form we chose a medium weight BCI* cotton woven with a slightly polished finish. This allows the garment to breathe and cotton is a long lasting, hard wearing staple. It biodegrades and is compostable as well. The fabric is printed in Italy using azo free pigment ink.

*BCI is the Better Cotton Initiative which tracks environmental sustainability and ethical labor practices.

We cut and sew each dress in our barn studio in Upstate NY. We support a MTO (made to order) and limited batch production model. This means that we make each item as it is ordered and cut down on inventory waste.

our prints

Colorful silk scarf with mosaic tile print draped on dress form, modern wearable art

disco

Black and white abstract print fabric swatch draped on dress form

westbeth

Teal pareo with bold sea-inspired polka dot print on dress form

pareo

Bright mango and pink abstract Hawaiian print fabric draped on a dress form

mango

Swatch of colorful floral Hawaiian print fabric with blue, green, and purple flowers on a dress form

1961

Colorful rainbow plaid fabric swatch draped on dress form, modern Hawaiian textile

rainbow

and now...

some history

Group of people in colorful Hawaiian print mu'umu'u dresses with tropical decor

why are the prints so big?

Large scale prints are integral to muʻumuʻu and all aloha wear. How did this happen? There are a lot of apocryphal origin stories. One we particularly like is that Wong’s Drapery Shoppe helped create the aloha shirt for college bound Hawaiians going to the mainland. The students needed something both warm and that felt Hawaiian. Wong’s initially used thick Japanese upholstery fabric for the warmth so the large print scale became locked in as “Hawaiian.”

These prints represent the multicultural history of Hawaiʻi. They may refer to Japanese Kimono fabrics, European chintz florals, Indian paisleys, Indonesian batiks, and traditional kapa patterns. They may be designed “authentically” by a native Hawaiian, a kamaʻāina (a local), or a transplant to the islands. The authenticity comes from the knowledge, sense, and respect of place.

Elsie Das

In the 1930s and 40s there was a concerted effort to create the modern Hawaiian print using local themes. This has been much lauded in Alfred Shaheen’s work. Also consider Elsie Das. Elsie Das was an American of Danish descent who went to art school in California. In 1950, the Honolulu Advertiser wrote “Elsie Das can lay close claim to being the originator of the aloha print.”

Her approach to print shows a sophistication and a worldliness at odds with the stereotypes about “isolated” Hawaiʻi. Compare her ulu print with the great 20th century print designer Josef Frank. The similarities indicate a deep understanding of print design and trends at the time.

Colorful Hawaiian print shirt with tropical plant and breadfruit pattern, and floral fabric panel

Left: Elsie Das “Breadfruit,” Right: Josef Frank “Hawaii”

For more read: The Aloha Shirt: Spirit of the Islands, Dale Hope and Elsie Jensen Das, Peter Young.